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Qingyao Ai

Publication record assembled from the DBLP archive of ranked conferences.

Papers indexed

117

Venues

14

Active years

2015–2026

Best venue rank

A*

Where they publish

Papers

117 indexed papers, newest first.

YearVenueTitleAuthors
2026AAAISimulating Dispute Mediation with LLM-Based Agents for Legal Research.Junjie Chen, Haitao Li, Minghao Qin, Yujia Zhou, Yanxue Ren, Wuyue Wang, Yiqun Liu, Yueyue Wu, Qingyao Ai
2026AAAIAuto-PRE: An Automatic and Cost-Efficient Peer-Review Framework for Language Generation Evaluation.Junjie Chen, Weihang Su, Zhumin Chu, Haitao Li, Yujia Zhou, Dingbo Yuan, Xudong Wang, Jun Zhou, Yiqun Liu, Min Zhang, Shaoping Ma, Qingyao Ai
2026AAAIJoint Evaluation of Answer and Reasoning Consistency for Hallucination Detection in Large Reasoning Models.Changyue Wang, Weihang Su, Qingyao Ai, Yiqun Liu
2026AAAIInvestigating Prosocial Behavior Theory in LLM Agents Under Policy-Induced Inequities.Yujia Zhou, Hexi Wang, Qingyao Ai, Zhen Wu, Yiqun Liu
2026ACLTwinVoice: A Multi-dimensional Benchmark Towards Digital Twins via LLM Persona Simulation.Bangde Du, Minghao Guo, Songming He, Ziyi Ye, Xi Zhu, Weihang Su, Shuqi Zhu, Yujia Zhou, Yongfeng Zhang, Qingyao Ai, Yiqun Liu
2026ACLBeyond Experience Retrieval: Learning to Generate Utility-Optimized Structured Experience for Frozen LLMs.Xuancheng Li, Haitao Li, Yujia Zhou, Yiqun Liu, Qingyao Ai
2026ACLChinese Court Simulation with LLM-Based Agents System.Kaiyuan Zhang, Jiaqi Li, Yueyue Wu, Haitao Li, Cheng Luo, Shaokun Zou, Yujia Zhou, Weihang Su, Yiqun Liu, Qingyao Ai
2026WWWLegalKit: A Modular Toolkit for Efficient Legal AI Evaluation.Shuo Miao, Haitao Li, Yueyue Wu, Qingyao Ai, Yiqun Liu
2026WWWGeneralized Pseudo-Relevance Feedback.Yiteng Tu, Weihang Su, Yujia Zhou, Yiqun Liu, Fen Lin, Qin Liu, Qingyao Ai
2026SIGIREnhancing Judgment Document Generation via Agentic Legal Information Collection and Rubric-Guided Optimization.Weihang Su, Xuanyi Chen, Yueyue Wu, Qingyao Ai, Yiqun Liu
2026SIGIRSurGE: A Benchmark and Evaluation Framework for Scientific Survey Generation.Weihang Su, Anzhe Xie, Qingyao Ai, Jianming Long, Xuanyi Chen, Jiaxin Mao, Ziyi Ye, Yiqun Liu
2026SIGIRAnalytical Search.Yiteng Tu, Shuo Miao, Weihang Su, Yiqun Liu, Qingyao Ai
2026SIGIREquity vs. Equality: Optimizing Ranking Fairness for Tailored Provider Needs.Yiteng Tu, Weihang Su, Shuguang Han, Yiqun Liu, Qingyao Ai
2026SIGIRTEC: A Collection of Human Trial-and-error Trajectories for Problem Solving.Xinkai Zhang, Jingtao Zhan, Yiqun Liu, Qingyao Ai
2026WSDMUnsupervised Dense Retrieval with Conterfactual Contrastive Learning.Haitian Chen, Qingyao Ai, Yujia Zhou, Xiao Wang, Yiqun Liu, Fen Lin, Qin Liu
2025AAAIBLADE: Enhancing Black-Box Large Language Models with Small Domain-Specific Models.Haitao Li, Qingyao Ai, Jia Chen, Qian Dong, Zhijing Wu, Yiqun Liu
2025AAAIDELTA: Pre-Train a Discriminative Encoder for Legal Case Retrieval via Structural Word Alignment.Haitao Li, Qingyao Ai, Xinyan Han, Jia Chen, Qian Dong, Yiqun Liu
2025ACLCalibraEval: Calibrating Prediction Distribution to Mitigate Selection Bias in LLMs-as-Judges.Haitao Li, Junjie Chen, Qingyao Ai, Zhumin Chu, Yujia Zhou, Qian Dong, Yiqun Liu
2025ACLLegalAgentBench: Evaluating LLM Agents in Legal Domain.Haitao Li, Junjie Chen, Jingli Yang, Qingyao Ai, Wei Jia, Youfeng Liu, Kai Lin, Yueyue Wu, Guozhi Yuan, Yiran Hu, Wuyue Wang, Yiqun Liu, Minlie Huang
2025ACLDecoupling Reasoning and Knowledge Injection for In-Context Knowledge Editing.Changyue Wang, Weihang Su, Qingyao Ai, Yujia Zhou, Yiqun Liu
2025CIKMJustEva: A Toolkit to Evaluate LLM Fairness in Legal Knowledge Inference.Zongyue Xue, Siyuan Zheng, Shaochun Wang, Yiran Hu, Yuxin Yao, Shengran Wang, Haitao Li, Qingyao Ai, Yiqun Liu, Yun Liu, Weixing Shen
2025EMNLPSelfRACG: Enabling LLMs to Self-Express and Retrieve for Code Generation.Qian Dong, Jia Chen, Qingyao Ai, Hongning Wang, Haitao Li, Yi Wu, Yao Hu, Yiqun Liu, Shaoping Ma
2025EMNLPSimVBG: Simulating Individual Values by Backstory Generation.Bangde Du, Ziyi Ye, Zhijing Wu, Monika Jankowska, Shuqi Zhu, Qingyao Ai, Yujia Zhou, Yiqun Liu
2025EMNLPPEPE: Long-context Extension for Large Language Models via Periodic Extrapolation Positional Encodings.Jikun Hu, Dongsheng Guo, Yuli Liu, Qingyao Ai, Lixuan Wang, Xuebing Sun, Qilei Zhang, Quan Zhou, Cheng Luo
2025EMNLPAugmenting Multi-Agent Communication with State Delta Trajectory.Yichen Tang, Weihang Su, Yujia Zhou, Yiqun Liu, Min Zhang, Shaoping Ma, Qingyao Ai
2025EMNLPKnowledge Editing through Chain-of-Thought.Changyue Wang, Weihang Su, Qingyao Ai, Yichen Tang, Yiqun Liu
2025ICLRLearning LLM-as-a-Judge for Preference Alignment.Ziyi Ye, Xiangsheng Li, Qiuchi Li, Qingyao Ai, Yujia Zhou, Wei Shen, Dong Yan, Yiqun Liu
2025WWWDecoupling Knowledge and Context: An Efficient and Effective Retrieval Augmented Generation Framework via Cross Attention.Qian Dong, Qingyao Ai, Hongning Wang, Yiding Liu, Haitao Li, Weihang Su, Yiqun Liu, Tat-Seng Chua, Shaoping Ma
2025SIGIRThe 1Yujia Zhou, Wei Ji, Xuri Ge, Qingyao Ai, Joemon M. Jose, Yiqun Liu
2025SIGIRQilin: A Multimodal Information Retrieval Dataset with APP-level User Sessions.Jia Chen, Qian Dong, Haitao Li, Xiaohui He, Yan Gao, Shaosheng Cao, Yi Wu, Ping Yang, Chen Xu, Yao Hu, Qingyao Ai, Yiqun Liu
2025SIGIRLexRAG: Benchmarking Retrieval-Augmented Generation in Multi-Turn Legal Consultation Conversation.Haitao Li, Yifan Chen, Yiran Hu, Qingyao Ai, Junjie Chen, Xiaoyu Yang, Jianhui Yang, Yueyue Wu, Zeyang Liu, Yiqun Liu
2025SIGIRUnderstanding the Effect of Opinion Polarization in Short Video Browsing.Bangde Du, Ziyi Ye, Zhijing Wu, Monika Jankowska, Qingyao Ai, Yiqun Liu
2025SIGIRInvestigating the Robustness of Counterfactual Learning to Rank Models: A Reproducibility Study.Zechun Niu, Zhilin Zhang, Jiaxin Mao, Qingyao Ai, Ji-Rong Wen
2025SIGIRDynamic and Parametric Retrieval-Augmented Generation.Weihang Su, Qingyao Ai, Jingtao Zhan, Qian Dong, Yiqun Liu
2025SIGIRParametric Retrieval Augmented Generation.Weihang Su, Yichen Tang, Qingyao Ai, Junxi Yan, Changyue Wang, Hongning Wang, Ziyi Ye, Yujia Zhou, Yiqun Liu
2025SIGIRJuDGE: Benchmarking Judgment Document Generation for Chinese Legal System.Weihang Su, Baoqing Yue, Qingyao Ai, Yiran Hu, Jiaqi Li, Changyue Wang, Kaiyuan Zhang, Yueyue Wu, Yiqun Liu
2025SIGIRRobust Fine-tuning for Retrieval Augmented Generation against Retrieval Defects.Yiteng Tu, Weihang Su, Yujia Zhou, Yiqun Liu, Qingyao Ai
2025SIGIRBrain Image Reconstruction with Retrieval-Augmented Diffusion.Shuqi Zhu, Ziyi Ye, Yi Zhong, Qingyao Ai, Yujia Zhou, Yiqun Liu
2024AAAICombining Multiple Supervision for Robust Zero-Shot Dense Retrieval.Yan Fang, Qingyao Ai, Jingtao Zhan, Yiqun Liu, Xiaolong Wu, Zhao Cao
2024AAAIWikiformer: Pre-training with Structured Information of Wikipedia for Ad-Hoc Retrieval.Weihang Su, Qingyao Ai, Xiangsheng Li, Jia Chen, Yiqun Liu, Xiaolong Wu, Shengluan Hou
2024ACLDRAGIN: Dynamic Retrieval Augmented Generation based on the Real-time Information Needs of Large Language Models.Weihang Su, Yichen Tang, Qingyao Ai, Zhijing Wu, Yiqun Liu
2024ACLUnsupervised Real-Time Hallucination Detection based on the Internal States of Large Language Models.Weihang Su, Changyue Wang, Qingyao Ai, Yiran Hu, Zhijing Wu, Yujia Zhou, Yiqun Liu
2024ACLPrompt Refinement with Image Pivot for Text-to-Image Generation.Jingtao Zhan, Qingyao Ai, Yiqun Liu, Yingwei Pan, Ting Yao, Jiaxin Mao, Shaoping Ma, Tao Mei
2024CIKMAutomatic Large Language Model Evaluation via Peer Review.Zhumin Chu, Qingyao Ai, Yiteng Tu, Haitao Li, Yiqun Liu
2024CIKMLeDQA: A Chinese Legal Case Document-based Question Answering Dataset.Bulou Liu, Zhenhao Zhu, Qingyao Ai, Yiqun Liu, Yueyue Wu
2024DASFAAA Situation-aware Enhancer for Personalized Recommendation.Jiayu Li, Peijie Sun, Chumeng Jiang, Weizhi Ma, Qingyao Ai, Min Zhang
2024DASFAACommon Sense Enhanced Knowledge-based Recommendation with Large Language Model.Shenghao Yang, Weizhi Ma, Peijie Sun, Min Zhang, Qingyao Ai, Yiqun Liu, Mingchen Cai
2024EMNLPSTARD: A Chinese Statute Retrieval Dataset Derived from Real-life Queries by Non-professionals.Weihang Su, Yiran Hu, Anzhe Xie, Qingyao Ai, Quezi Bing, Ning Zheng, Yun Liu, Weixing Shen, Yiqun Liu
2024HICGNN4EEG: A Benchmark and Toolkit for Electroencephalography Classification with Graph Neural Network.Kaiyuan Zhang, Ziyi Ye, Qingyao Ai, Xiaohui Xie, Yiqun Liu
2024ICTIRCFE2: Counterfactual Editing for Search Result Explanation.Zhichao Xu, Hemank Lamba, Qingyao Ai, Joel R. Tetreault, Alex Jaimes
2024WWWMitigating Exploitation Bias in Learning to Rank with an Uncertainty-aware Empirical Bayes Approach.Tao Yang, Cuize Han, Chen Luo, Parth Gupta, Jeff M. Phillips, Qingyao Ai
2024WWWAn In-depth Investigation of User Response Simulation for Conversational Search.Zhenduo Wang, Zhichao Xu, Vivek Srikumar, Qingyao Ai
2024SIGIRUnsupervised Large Language Model Alignment for Information Retrieval via Contrastive Feedback.Qian Dong, Yiding Liu, Qingyao Ai, Zhijing Wu, Haitao Li, Yiqun Liu, Shuaiqiang Wang, Dawei Yin, Shaoping Ma
2024SIGIRScaling Laws For Dense Retrieval.Yan Fang, Jingtao Zhan, Qingyao Ai, Jiaxin Mao, Weihang Su, Jia Chen, Yiqun Liu
2024SIGIRLeCaRDv2: A Large-Scale Chinese Legal Case Retrieval Dataset.Haitao Li, Yunqiu Shao, Yueyue Wu, Qingyao Ai, Yixiao Ma, Yiqun Liu
2024SIGIRUnbiased Learning-to-Rank Needs Unconfounded Propensity Estimation.Dan Luo, Lixin Zou, Qingyao Ai, Zhiyu Chen, Chenliang Li, Dawei Yin, Brian D. Davison
2024SIGIRSequential Recommendation with Latent Relations based on Large Language Model.Shenghao Yang, Weizhi Ma, Peijie Sun, Qingyao Ai, Yiqun Liu, Mingchen Cai, Min Zhang
2024SIGIRCapability-aware Prompt Reformulation Learning for Text-to-Image Generation.Jingtao Zhan, Qingyao Ai, Yiqun Liu, Jia Chen, Shaoping Ma
2024SIGIREEG-SVRec: An EEG Dataset with User Multidimensional Affective Engagement Labels in Short Video Recommendation.Shaorun Zhang, Zhiyu He, Ziyi Ye, Peijie Sun, Qingyao Ai, Min Zhang, Yiqun Liu
2023CIKMFARA: Future-aware Ranking Algorithm for Fairness Optimization.Tao Yang, Zhichao Xu, Zhenduo Wang, Qingyao Ai
2023CIKMI3 Retriever: Incorporating Implicit Interaction in Pre-trained Language Models for Passage Retrieval.Qian Dong, Yiding Liu, Qingyao Ai, Haitao Li, Shuaiqiang Wang, Yiqun Liu, Dawei Yin, Shaoping Ma
2023CIKMLeveraging Event Schema to Ask Clarifying Questions for Conversational Legal Case Retrieval.Bulou Liu, Yiran Hu, Qingyao Ai, Yiqun Liu, Yueyue Wu, Chenliang Li, Weixing Shen
2023EMNLPCaseEncoder: A Knowledge-enhanced Pre-trained Model for Legal Case Encoding.Yixiao Ma, Yueyue Wu, Weihang Su, Qingyao Ai, Yiqun Liu
2023WWWZero-shot Clarifying Question Generation for Conversational Search.Zhenduo Wang, Yuancheng Tu, Corby Rosset, Nick Craswell, Ming Wu, Qingyao Ai
2023SIGIRMetric-agnostic Ranking Optimization.Qingyao Ai, Xuanhui Wang, Michael Bendersky
2023SIGIRBehavior Modeling for Point of Interest Search.Haitian Chen, Qingyao Ai, Zhijing Wu, Zhihong Wang, Yiqun Liu, Min Zhang, Shaoping Ma, Juan Hu, Naiqiang Tan, Hua Chai
2023SIGIRSAILER: Structure-aware Pre-trained Language Model for Legal Case Retrieval.Haitao Li, Qingyao Ai, Jia Chen, Qian Dong, Yueyue Wu, Yiqun Liu, Chong Chen, Qi Tian
2023SIGIRConstructing Tree-based Index for Efficient and Effective Dense Retrieval.Haitao Li, Qingyao Ai, Jingtao Zhan, Jiaxin Mao, Yiqun Liu, Zheng Liu, Zhao Cao
2023WSDMModel-based Unbiased Learning to Rank.Dan Luo, Lixin Zou, Qingyao Ai, Zhiyu Chen, Dawei Yin, Brian D. Davison
2023WSDMMarginal-Certainty-Aware Fair Ranking Algorithm.Tao Yang, Zhichao Xu, Zhenduo Wang, Anh Tran, Qingyao Ai
2022CIKMHard Negatives or False Negatives: Correcting Pooling Bias in Training Neural Ranking Models.Yinqiong Cai, Jiafeng Guo, Yixing Fan, Qingyao Ai, Ruqing Zhang, Xueqi Cheng
2022SIGIRIncorporating Retrieval Information into the Truncation of Ranking Lists for Better Legal Search.Yixiao Ma, Qingyao Ai, Yueyue Wu, Yunqiu Shao, Yiqun Liu, Min Zhang, Shaoping Ma
2022SIGIRCan Clicks Be Both Labels and Features?: Unbiased Behavior Feature Collection and Uncertainty-aware Learning to Rank.Tao Yang, Chen Luo, Hanqing Lu, Parth Gupta, Bing Yin, Qingyao Ai
2021CIKMModel-agnostic vs. Model-intrinsic Interpretability for Explainable Product Search.Qingyao Ai, Lakshmi Narayanan Ramasamy
2021CIKMULTRA: An Unbiased Learning To Rank Algorithm Toolbox.Anh Tran, Tao Yang, Qingyao Ai
2021ECIRA Zero Attentive Relevance Matching Network for Review Modeling in Recommendation System.Hansi Zeng, Zhichao Xu, Qingyao Ai
2021ICTIRSession details: Session 1A - Ranking (1).Qingyao Ai
2021ICTIRAsking Clarifying Questions Based on Negative Feedback in Conversational Search.Keping Bi, Qingyao Ai, W. Bruce Croft
2021ICTIRUnderstanding the Effectiveness of Reviews in E-commerce Top-N Recommendation.Zhichao Xu, Hansi Zeng, Qingyao Ai
2021KDD3rd International Workshop on Deep Learning Practice for High-Dimensional Sparse Data with KDD 2021.Xiaoqiang Zhu, Kuang-chih Lee, Guorui Zhou, Biye Jiang, Zhe Wang, Ruiming Tang, Kan Ren, Qingyao Ai, Weinan Zhang
2021WWWControlling the Risk of Conversational Search via Reinforcement Learning.Zhenduo Wang, Qingyao Ai
2021WWWMaximizing Marginal Fairness for Dynamic Learning to Rank.Tao Yang, Qingyao Ai
2021SIGIRLearning a Fine-Grained Review-based Transformer Model for Personalized Product Search.Keping Bi, Qingyao Ai, W. Bruce Croft
2021SIGIRBeyond Probability Ranking Principle: Modeling the Dependencies among Documents.Liang Pang, Qingyao Ai, Jun Xu
2021SIGIRULTRE Framework: a Framework for Unbiased Learning to Rank Evaluation based on Simulation of User Behavior.Yurou Zhao, Jiaxin Mao, Qingyao Ai
2021WSDMBeyond Probability Ranking Principle: Modeling the Dependencies among Documents.Liang Pang, Qingyao Ai, Jun Xu
2020CIKME-commerce Recommendation with Weighted Expected Utility.Zhichao Xu, Yi Han, Yongfeng Zhang, Qingyao Ai
2020CIKMAnalysis of Multivariate Scoring Functions for Automatic Unbiased Learning to Rank.Tao Yang, Shikai Fang, Shibo Li, Yulan Wang, Qingyao Ai
2020SIGIRA Transformer-based Embedding Model for Personalized Product Search.Keping Bi, Qingyao Ai, W. Bruce Croft
2020SIGIRSetRank: Learning a Permutation-Invariant Ranking Model for Information Retrieval.Liang Pang, Jun Xu, Qingyao Ai, Yanyan Lan, Xueqi Cheng, Jirong Wen
2019CIKMA Zero Attention Model for Personalized Product Search.Qingyao Ai, Daniel N. Hill, S. V. N. Vishwanathan, W. Bruce Croft
2019CIKMConversational Product Search Based on Negative Feedback.Keping Bi, Qingyao Ai, Yongfeng Zhang, W. Bruce Croft
2019CIKMCorrecting for Recency Bias in Job Recommendation.Ruey-Cheng Chen, Qingyao Ai, Gaya Jayasinghe, W. Bruce Croft
2019CIKMImproving Web Image Search with Contextual Information.Xiaohui Xie, Jiaxin Mao, Yiqun Liu, Maarten de Rijke, Qingyao Ai, Yufei Huang, Min Zhang, Shaoping Ma
2019ECIRIterative Relevance Feedback for Answer Passage Retrieval with Passage-Level Semantic Match.Keping Bi, Qingyao Ai, W. Bruce Croft
2019ICTIRLearning Groupwise Multivariate Scoring Functions Using Deep Neural Networks.Qingyao Ai, Xuanhui Wang, Sebastian Bruch, Nadav Golbandi, Michael Bendersky, Marc Najork
2019WWWWWW'19 Tutorial on Explainable Recommendation and Search.Yongfeng Zhang, Jiaxin Mao, Qingyao Ai
2019SIGIRSIGIR 2019 Tutorial on Explainable Recommendation and Search.Yongfeng Zhang, Jiaxin Mao, Qingyao Ai
2019WSDMDAPA: The WSDM 2019 Workshop on Deep Matching in Practical Applications.Yixing Fan, Qingyao Ai, Zhaochun Ren, Liangjie Hong, Dawei Yin, Jiafeng Guo
2018CIKMUnbiased Learning to Rank: Theory and Practice.Qingyao Ai, Jiaxin Mao, Yiqun Liu, W. Bruce Croft
2018CIKMTowards Conversational Search and Recommendation: System Ask, User Respond.Yongfeng Zhang, Xu Chen, Qingyao Ai, Liu Yang, W. Bruce Croft
2018ECIRA Neural Passage Model for Ad-hoc Document Retrieval.Qingyao Ai, Brendan O'Connor, W. Bruce Croft
2018ICTIRUnbiased Learning to Rank: Theory and Practice.Qingyao Ai, Jiaxin Mao, Yiqun Liu, W. Bruce Croft
2018SIGIRLearning a Deep Listwise Context Model for Ranking Refinement.Qingyao Ai, Keping Bi, Jiafeng Guo, W. Bruce Croft
2018SIGIRUnbiased Learning to Rank with Unbiased Propensity Estimation.Qingyao Ai, Keping Bi, Cheng Luo, Jiafeng Guo, W. Bruce Croft
2017CHIIRLarge-Scale Analysis of Email Search and Organizational Strategies.Kanika Narang, Susan T. Dumais, Nick Craswell, Daniel J. Liebling, Qingyao Ai
2017CIKMJoint Representation Learning for Top-N Recommendation with Heterogeneous Information Sources.Yongfeng Zhang, Qingyao Ai, Xu Chen, W. Bruce Croft
2017WWWCharacterizing Email Search using Large-scale Behavioral Logs and Surveys.Qingyao Ai, Susan T. Dumais, Nick Craswell, Daniel J. Liebling
2017SIGIRLearning a Hierarchical Embedding Model for Personalized Product Search.Qingyao Ai, Yongfeng Zhang, Keping Bi, Xu Chen, W. Bruce Croft
2017SIGIRPersonalized Key Frame Recommendation.Xu Chen, Yongfeng Zhang, Qingyao Ai, Hongteng Xu, Junchi Yan, Zheng Qin
2016CIKMA Deep Relevance Matching Model for Ad-hoc Retrieval.Jiafeng Guo, Yixing Fan, Qingyao Ai, W. Bruce Croft
2016CIKMSemantic Matching by Non-Linear Word Transportation for Information Retrieval.Jiafeng Guo, Yixing Fan, Qingyao Ai, W. Bruce Croft
2016CIKMaNMM: Ranking Short Answer Texts with Attention-Based Neural Matching Model.Liu Yang, Qingyao Ai, Jiafeng Guo, W. Bruce Croft
2016ECIRBeyond Factoid QA: Effective Methods for Non-factoid Answer Sentence Retrieval.Liu Yang, Qingyao Ai, Damiano Spina, Ruey-Cheng Chen, Liang Pang, W. Bruce Croft, Jiafeng Guo, Falk Scholer
2016ICTIRAnalysis of the Paragraph Vector Model for Information Retrieval.Qingyao Ai, Liu Yang, Jiafeng Guo, W. Bruce Croft
2016SIGIRImproving Language Estimation with the Paragraph Vector Model for Ad-hoc Retrieval.Qingyao Ai, Liu Yang, Jiafeng Guo, W. Bruce Croft
2015CIKMAn Optimization Framework for Merging Multiple Result Lists.Chia-Jung Lee, Qingyao Ai, W. Bruce Croft, Daniel Sheldon