| 2026 | ASPLOS | Linear Layouts: Robust Code Generation of Efficient Tensor Computation Using F_2. | Keren Zhou, Mario Lezcano Casado, Adam P. Goucher, Akhmed Rakhmati, Jeff Niu, Justin Lebar, Pawel Szczerbuk, Peter Bell, Phil Tillet, Thomas Raoux, Zahi Moudallal |
| 2026 | CHI | From Seeing it to Experiencing it: Interactive Evaluation of Intersectional Voice Bias in Human-AI Speech Interaction. | Shree Harsha Bokkahalli Satish, Maria Teleki, Christoph Minixhofer, Ondrej Klejch, Peter Bell, va Szkely |
| 2026 | EACL | Analysing the role of lexical and temporal information in turn-taking through predictability. | Sean Leishman, Sarenne Wallbridge, Peter Bell |
| 2026 | IUI | "Walk a Mile in My Voice": Voice Conversion Shapes Trust, Attribution, and Empathy in Human-AI Speech Interactions. | Shree Harsha Bokkahalli Satish, Maria Teleki, Christoph Minixhofer, Ondrej Klejch, Peter Bell, va Szkely |
| 2026 | LREC | MaiChat: A Text-based Dialogue Corpus Rich in Conversational Features. | Mai Hoang Dao, Catherine Lai, Peter Bell |
| 2025 | ASRU | Can self-supervised speech models predict the perceived acceptability of prosodic variation? | Sarenne Wallbridge, Adaeze Adigwe, Peter Bell |
| 2025 | COLING | LLM-Personalize: Aligning LLM Planners with Human Preferences via Reinforced Self-Training for Housekeeping Robots. | Dongge Han, Trevor McInroe, Adam Jelley, Stefano V. Albrecht, Peter Bell, Amos J. Storkey |
| 2025 | COLING | Synthesising a Corpus of Gaelic Traditional Narrative with Cross-Lingual Text Expansion. | William Lamb, Dongge Han, Ondrej Klejch, Beatrice Alex, Peter Bell |
| 2025 | EMNLP | Spoken Document Retrieval for an Unwritten Language: A Case Study on Gormati. | Sanjay Booshanam, Kelly Chen, Ondrej Klejch, Thomas Reitmaier, Dani Kalarikalayil Raju, Electra Wallington, Nina Markl, Jennifer Pearson, Matt Jones, Simon Robinson, Peter Bell |
| 2025 | ICASSP | Regarding the Existence of the Internal Language Model in CTC-Based E2E ASR. | Zeyu Zhao, Peter Bell |
| 2025 | ICASSP | Semi-Supervised Cognitive State Classification from Speech with Multi-View Pseudo-Labeling. | Yuanchao Li, Zixing Zhang, Jing Han, Peter Bell, Catherine Lai |
| 2025 | ICASSP | Revise, Reason, and Recognize: LLM-Based Emotion Recognition via Emotion-Specific Prompts and ASR Error Correction. | Yuanchao Li, Yuan Gong, Chao-Han Huck Yang, Peter Bell, Catherine Lai |
| 2025 | Interspeech | A Practitioner's Guide to Building ASR Models for Low-Resource Languages: A Case Study on Scottish Gaelic. | Ondrej Klejch, William Lamb, Peter Bell |
| 2025 | Interspeech | Scaling Laws for Synthetic Speech for Model Training. | Christoph Minixhofer, Ondrej Klejch, Peter Bell |
| 2025 | Interspeech | Prosodic Structure Beyond Lexical Content: A Study of Self-Supervised Learning. | Sarenne Wallbridge, Christoph Minixhofer, Catherine Lai, Peter Bell |
| 2025 | Interspeech | The role of audio-visual integration in the time course of phonetic encoding in self-supervised speech models. | Yi Wang, Oli Danyi Liu, Peter Bell |
| 2024 | ASPLOS | PyTorch 2: Faster Machine Learning Through Dynamic Python Bytecode Transformation and Graph Compilation. | Jason Ansel, Edward Z. Yang, Horace He, Natalia Gimelshein, Animesh Jain, Michael Voznesensky, Bin Bao, Peter Bell, David Berard, Evgeni Burovski, Geeta Chauhan, Anjali Chourdia, Will Constable, Alban Desmaison, Zachary DeVito, Elias Ellison, Will Feng, Jiong Gong, Michael Gschwind, Brian Hirsh, Sherlock Huang, Kshiteej Kalambarkar, Laurent Kirsch, Michael Lazos, Mario Lezcano, Yanbo Liang, Jason Liang, Yinghai Lu, C. K. Luk, Bert Maher, Yunjie Pan, Christian Puhrsch, Matthias Reso, Mark Saroufim, Marcos Yukio Siraichi, Helen Suk, Shunting Zhang, Michael Suo, Phil Tillet, Xu Zhao, Eikan Wang, Keren Zhou, Richard Zou, Xiaodong Wang, Ajit Mathews, William Wen, Gregory Chanan, Peng Wu, Soumith Chintala |
| 2024 | CHI | Cultivating Spoken Language Technologies for Unwritten Languages. | Thomas Reitmaier, Dani Kalarikalayil Raju, Ondrej Klejch, Electra Wallington, Nina Markl, Jennifer Pearson, Matt Jones, Peter Bell, Simon Robinson |
| 2024 | EACL | Analyzing the Role of Part-of-Speech in Code-Switching: A Corpus-Based Study. | Jie Chi, Peter Bell |
| 2024 | ICASSP | Bootstrap Predictive Coding: Investigating a Non-Contrastive Self-Supervised Learning Approach. | Yumnah Mohamied, Peter Bell |
| 2024 | ICASSP | Can We Trust Explainable AI Methods on ASR? An Evaluation on Phoneme Recognition. | Xiaoliang Wu, Peter Bell, Ajitha Rajan |
| 2024 | ICASSP | Exploring Dominant Paths in CTC-Like ASR Models: Unraveling the Effectiveness of Viterbi Decoding. | Zeyu Zhao, Peter Bell, Ondrej Klejch |
| 2024 | ICASSP | Regarding Topology and Adaptability in Differentiable WFST-Based E2E ASR. | Zeyu Zhao, Pinzhen Chen, Peter Bell |
| 2024 | Interspeech | Characterizing code-switching: Applying Linguistic Principles for Metric Assessment and Development. | Jie Chi, Electra Wallington, Peter Bell |
| 2023 | CHI | Situating Automatic Speech Recognition Development within Communities of Under-heard Language Speakers. | Thomas Reitmaier, Electra Wallington, Ondrej Klejch, Nina Markl, La-Marie Lam-Yee-Mui, Jennifer Pearson, Matt Jones, Peter Bell, Simon Robinson |
| 2023 | EACL | Do dialogue representations align with perception? An empirical study. | Sarenne Wallbridge, Peter Bell, Catherine Lai |
| 2023 | ICASSP | Multimodal Dyadic Impression Recognition via Listener Adaptive Cross-Domain Fusion. | Yuanchao Li, Peter Bell, Catherine Lai |
| 2023 | ICASSP | The Edinburgh International Accents of English Corpus: Towards the Democratization of English ASR. | Ramon Sanabria, Nikolay Bogoychev, Nina Markl, Andrea Carmantini, Ondrej Klejch, Peter Bell |
| 2023 | ICASSP | Efficient Intelligibility Evaluation Using Keyword Spotting: A Study on Audio-Visual Speech Enhancement. | Cassia Valentini-Botinhao, Andrea Lorena Aldana Blanco, Ondrej Klejch, Peter Bell |
| 2023 | ICASSP | Explanations for Automatic Speech Recognition. | Xiaoliang Wu, Peter Bell, Ajitha Rajan |
| 2023 | Interspeech | Capturing Formality in Speech Across Domains and Languages. | Debasmita Bhattacharya, Jie Chi, Julia Hirschberg, Peter Bell |
| 2023 | Interspeech | Unsupervised Code-switched Text Generation from Parallel Text. | Jie Chi, Brian Lu, Jason Eisner, Peter Bell, Preethi Jyothi, Ahmed M. Ali |
| 2023 | Interspeech | Transfer Learning for Personality Perception via Speech Emotion Recognition. | Yuanchao Li, Peter Bell, Catherine Lai |
| 2023 | Interspeech | ASR and Emotional Speech: A Word-Level Investigation of the Mutual Impact of Speech and Emotion Recognition. | Yuanchao Li, Zeyu Zhao, Ondrej Klejch, Peter Bell, Catherine Lai |
| 2023 | Interspeech | Evaluating and reducing the distance between synthetic and real speech distributions. | Christoph Minixhofer, Ondrej Klejch, Peter Bell |
| 2023 | Interspeech | Quantifying the perceptual value of lexical and non-lexical channels in speech. | Sarenne Wallbridge, Peter Bell, Catherine Lai |
| 2023 | Interspeech | Regarding Topology and Variant Frame Rates for Differentiable WFST-based End-to-End ASR. | Zeyu Zhao, Peter Bell |
| 2022 | CHI | Opportunities and Challenges of Automatic Speech Recognition Systems for Low-Resource Language Speakers. | Thomas Reitmaier, Electra Wallington, Dani Kalarikalayil Raju, Ondrej Klejch, Jennifer Pearson, Matt Jones, Peter Bell, Simon Robinson |
| 2022 | COLING | Improving Code-switched ASR with Linguistic Information. | Jie Chi, Peter Bell |
| 2022 | ICASSP | Fusing ASR Outputs in Joint Training for Speech Emotion Recognition. | Yuanchao Li, Peter Bell, Catherine Lai |
| 2022 | ICASSP | Investigating Sequence-Level Normalisation For CTC-Like End-to-End ASR. | Zeyu Zhao, Peter Bell |
| 2022 | ICPR | ODOR: The ICPR2022 ODeuropa Challenge on Olfactory Object Recognition. | Mathias Zinnen, Prathmesh Madhu, Ronak Kosti, Peter Bell, Andreas K. Maier, Vincent Christlein |
| 2022 | Interspeech | Deciphering Speech: a Zero-Resource Approach to Cross-Lingual Transfer in ASR. | Ondrej Klejch, Electra Wallington, Peter Bell |
| 2022 | Interspeech | Investigating the contribution of speaker attributes to speaker separability using disentangled speaker representations. | Chau Luu, Steve Renals, Peter Bell |
| 2022 | Interspeech | Investigating perception of spoken dialogue acceptability through surprisal. | Sarenne Carrol Wallbridge, Catherine Lai, Peter Bell |
| 2021 | ASRU | Leveraging Linguistic Knowledge for Accent Robustness of End-to-End Models. | Andrea Carmantini, Steve Renals, Peter Bell |
| 2021 | EACL | Segmenting Subtitles for Correcting ASR Segmentation Errors. | David Wan, Chris Kedzie, Faisal Ladhak, Elsbeth Turcan, Petra Galusckov, Elena Zotkina, Zhengping Jiang, Peter Bell, Kathleen R. McKeown |
| 2021 | ICASSP | Speech Acoustic Modelling from Raw Phase Spectrum. | Erfan Loweimi, Zoran Cvetkovic, Peter Bell, Steve Renals |
| 2021 | ICASSP | Train Your Classifier First: Cascade Neural Networks Training from Upper Layers to Lower Layers. | Shucong Zhang, Cong-Thanh Do, Rama Doddipatla, Erfan Loweimi, Peter Bell, Steve Renals |
| 2021 | Interspeech | The CSTR System for Multilingual and Code-Switching ASR Challenges for Low Resource Indian Languages. | Ondrej Klejch, Electra Wallington, Peter Bell |
| 2021 | Interspeech | Speech Acoustic Modelling Using Raw Source and Filter Components. | Erfan Loweimi, Zoran Cvetkovic, Peter Bell, Steve Renals |
| 2021 | Interspeech | Leveraging Speaker Attribute Information Using Multi Task Learning for Speaker Verification and Diarization. | Chau Luu, Peter Bell, Steve Renals |
| 2021 | Interspeech | It's Not What You Said, it's How You Said it: Discriminative Perception of Speech as a Multichannel Communication System. | Sarenne Wallbridge, Peter Bell, Catherine Lai |
| 2021 | Interspeech | On the Learning Dynamics of Semi-Supervised Training for ASR. | Electra Wallington, Benji Kershenbaum, Ondrej Klejch, Peter Bell |
| 2021 | Interspeech | Stochastic Attention Head Removal: A Simple and Effective Method for Improving Transformer Based ASR Models. | Shucong Zhang, Erfan Loweimi, Peter Bell, Steve Renals |
| 2020 | ECCV | Understanding Compositional Structures in Art Historical Images Using Pose and Gaze Priors - Towards Scene Understanding in Digital Art History. | Prathmesh Madhu, Tilman Marquart, Ronak Kosti, Peter Bell, Andreas K. Maier, Vincent Christlein |
| 2020 | GI | Understanding Perceptual Bias in Machine Vision Systems. | Fabian Offert, Peter Bell |
| 2020 | ICASSP | Cross Lingual Transfer Learning for Zero-Resource Domain Adaptation. | Alberto Abad, Peter Bell, Andrea Carmantini, Steve Renals |
| 2020 | ICASSP | Channel Adversarial Training for Speaker Verification and Diarization. | Chau Luu, Peter Bell, Steve Renals |
| 2020 | ICASSP | Multi-Scale Octave Convolutions for Robust Speech Recognition. | Joanna Rownicka, Peter Bell, Steve Renals |
| 2020 | IJCNN | Deep Neural Network Driven Binaural Audio Visual Speech Separation. | Mandar Gogate, Kia Dashtipour, Peter Bell, Amir Hussain |
| 2020 | Interspeech | Deep Scattering Power Spectrum Features for Robust Speech Recognition. | Neethu M. Joy, Dino Oglic, Zoran Cvetkovic, Peter Bell, Steve Renals |
| 2020 | Interspeech | On the Robustness and Training Dynamics of Raw Waveform Models. | Erfan Loweimi, Peter Bell, Steve Renals |
| 2020 | Interspeech | Raw Sign and Magnitude Spectra for Multi-Head Acoustic Modelling. | Erfan Loweimi, Peter Bell, Steve Renals |
| 2020 | Interspeech | A Deep 2D Convolutional Network for Waveform-Based Speech Recognition. | Dino Oglic, Zoran Cvetkovic, Peter Bell, Steve Renals |
| 2020 | LREC | Subtitles to Segmentation: Improving Low-Resource Speech-to-TextTranslation Pipelines. | David Wan, Zhengping Jiang, Chris Kedzie, Elsbeth Turcan, Peter Bell, Kathy McKeown |
| 2019 | ASRU | Acoustic Model Adaptation from Raw Waveforms with Sincnet. | Joachim Fainberg, Ondrej Klejch, Erfan Loweimi, Peter Bell, Steve Renals |
| 2019 | ASRU | Speaker Adaptive Training Using Model Agnostic Meta-Learning. | Ondrej Klejch, Joachim Fainberg, Peter Bell, Steve Renals |
| 2019 | ASRU | Embeddings for DNN Speaker Adaptive Training. | Joanna Rownicka, Peter Bell, Steve Renals |
| 2019 | ICASSP | On the Usefulness of Statistical Normalisation of Bottleneck Features for Speech Recognition. | Erfan Loweimi, Peter Bell, Steve Renals |
| 2019 | ICASSP | Windowed Attention Mechanisms for Speech Recognition. | Shucong Zhang, Erfan Loweimi, Peter Bell, Steve Renals |
| 2019 | Interspeech | Untranscribed Web Audio for Low Resource Speech Recognition. | Andrea Carmantini, Peter Bell, Steve Renals |
| 2019 | Interspeech | Lattice-Based Lightly-Supervised Acoustic Model Training. | Joachim Fainberg, Ondrej Klejch, Steve Renals, Peter Bell |
| 2019 | Interspeech | On Learning Interpretable CNNs with Parametric Modulated Kernel-Based Filters. | Erfan Loweimi, Peter Bell, Steve Renals |
| 2019 | Interspeech | Trainable Dynamic Subsampling for End-to-End Speech Recognition. | Shucong Zhang, Erfan Loweimi, Yumo Xu, Peter Bell, Steve Renals |
| 2018 | Interspeech | Learning to Adapt: A Meta-learning Approach for Speaker Adaptation. | Ondrej Klejch, Joachim Fainberg, Peter Bell |
| 2017 | ASRU | WERD: Using social text spelling variants for evaluating dialectal speech recognition. | Ahmed Ali, Preslav Nakov, Peter Bell, Steve Renals |
| 2017 | ASRU | Simplifying very deep convolutional neural network architectures for robust speech recognition. | Joanna Rownicka, Steve Renals, Peter Bell |
| 2017 | ASRU | Hierarchical recurrent neural network for story segmentation using fusion of lexical and acoustic features. | Emiru Tsunoo, Ondrej Klejch, Peter Bell, Steve Renals |
| 2017 | EACL | The SUMMA Platform Prototype. | Renars Liepins, Ulrich Germann, Guntis Barzdins, Alexandra Birch, Steve Renals, Susanne Weber, Peggy van der Kreeft, Herv Bourlard, Joo Prieto, Ondrej Klejch, Peter Bell, Alexandros Lazaridis, Afonso Mendes, Sebastian Riedel, Mariana S. C. Almeida, Pedro Balage, Shay B. Cohen, Tomasz Dwojak, Philip N. Garner, Andreas Giefer, Marcin Junczys-Dowmunt, Hina Imran, David Nogueira, Ahmed M. Ali, Sebastio Miranda, Andrei Popescu-Belis, Lesly Miculicich Werlen, Nikos Papasarantopoulos, Abiola Obamuyide, Clive Jones, Fahim Dalvi, Andreas Vlachos, Yang Wang, Sibo Tong, Rico Sennrich, Nikolaos Pappas, Shashi Narayan, Marco Damonte, Nadir Durrani, Sameer Khurana, Ahmed Abdelali, Hassan Sajjad, Stephan Vogel, David Sheppey, Chris Hernon, Jeff Mitchell |
| 2017 | ICASSP | Sequence-to-sequence models for punctuated transcription combining lexical and acoustic features. | Ondrej Klejch, Peter Bell, Steve Renals |
| 2017 | Interspeech | A System for Real Time Collaborative Transcription Correction. | Peter Bell, Joachim Fainberg, Catherine Lai, Mark Sinclair |
| 2017 | Interspeech | Factorised Representations for Neural Network Adaptation to Diverse Acoustic Environments. | Joachim Fainberg, Steve Renals, Peter Bell |
| 2017 | Interspeech | Hierarchical Recurrent Neural Network for Story Segmentation. | Emiru Tsunoo, Peter Bell, Steve Renals |
| 2016 | Interspeech | Automatic Dialect Detection in Arabic Broadcast Speech. | Ahmed Ali, Najim Dehak, Patrick Cardinal, Sameer Khurana, Sree Harsha Yella, James R. Glass, Peter Bell, Steve Renals |
| 2016 | Interspeech | Improving Children's Speech Recognition Through Out-of-Domain Data Augmentation. | Joachim Fainberg, Peter Bell, Mike Lincoln, Steve Renals |
| 2016 | Interspeech | Unsupervised Adaptation of Recurrent Neural Network Language Models. | Siva Reddy Gangireddy, Pawel Swietojanski, Peter Bell, Steve Renals |
| 2015 | ASRU | A system for automatic alignment of broadcast media captions using weighted finite-state transducers. | Peter Bell, Steve Renals |
| 2015 | ASRU | Multi-reference WER for evaluating ASR for languages with no orthographic rules. | Ahmed M. Ali, Walid Magdy, Peter Bell, Steve Renals |
| 2015 | ASRU | The MGB challenge: Evaluating multi-genre broadcast media recognition. | Peter Bell, Mark J. F. Gales, Thomas Hain, Jonathan Kilgour, Pierre Lanchantin, Xunying Liu, Andrew McParland, Steve Renals, Oscar Saz, Mirjam Wester, Philip C. Woodland |
| 2015 | ICASSP | Regularization of context-dependent deep neural networks with context-independent multi-task training. | Peter Bell, Steve Renals |
| 2015 | Interspeech | A system for automatic broadcast news summarisation, geolocation and translation. | Peter Bell, Catherine Lai, Clare Llewellyn, Alexandra Birch, Mark Sinclair |
| 2015 | Interspeech | Complementary tasks for context-dependent deep neural network acoustic models. | Peter Bell, Steve Renals |
| 2015 | Interspeech | Towards automatic detection of reported speech in dialogue using prosodic cues. | Alessandra Cervone, Catherine Lai, Silvia Pareti, Peter Bell |
| 2015 | Interspeech | Structured output layer with auxiliary targets for context-dependent acoustic modelling. | Pawel Swietojanski, Peter Bell, Steve Renals |
| 2014 | Interspeech | Cross-lingual adaptation with multi-task adaptive networks. | Peter Bell, Joris Driesen, Steve Renals |
| 2014 | Interspeech | A semi-Markov model for speech segmentation with an utterance-break prior. | Mark Sinclair, Peter Bell, Alexandra Birch, Fergus McInnes |
| 2014 | WACV | Offline learning of prototypical negatives for efficient online Exemplar SVM. | Masato Takami, Peter Bell, Bjrn Ommer |
| 2013 | ICASSP | Multi-level adaptive networks in tandem and hybrid ASR systems. | Peter Bell, Pawel Swietojanski, Steve Renals |
| 2013 | ICASSP | Grapheme and multilingual posterior features for under-resourced speech recognition: A study on Scottish Gaelic. | Ramya Rasipuram, Peter Bell, Mathew Magimai-Doss |
| 2013 | Interspeech | A lecture transcription system combining neural network acoustic and language models. | Peter Bell, Hitoshi Yamamoto, Pawel Swietojanski, Youzheng Wu, Fergus McInnes, Chiori Hori, Steve Renals |
| 2013 | Interspeech | Processing and Linking Audio Events in Large Multimedia Archives: The EU inEvent Project. | Herv Bourlard, Marc Ferras, Nikolaos Pappas, Andrei Popescu-Belis, Steve Renals, Fergus McInnes, Peter Bell, Sandy Ingram, Mal Guillemot |
| 2013 | Interspeech | Combining in-domain and out-of-domain speech data for automatic recognition of disordered speech. | Heidi Christensen, Magda B. Aniol, Peter Bell, Phil D. Green, Thomas Hain, Simon King, Pawel Swietojanski |
| 2013 | Interspeech | Automatic Transcription of Multi-genre Media Archives. | Pierre Lanchantin, Peter Bell, Mark J. F. Gales, Thomas Hain, Xunying Liu, Yanhua Long, Jennifer Quinnell, Steve Renals, Oscar Saz, Matthew Stephen Seigel, Pawel Swietojanski, Philip C. Woodland |
| 2013 | Interspeech | Lightly supervised discriminative training of grapheme models for improved sentence-level alignment of speech and text data. | Adriana Stan, Peter Bell, Junichi Yamagishi, Simon King |
| 2012 | EACL | Evaluating language understanding accuracy with respect to objective outcomes in a dialogue system. | Myroslava O. Dzikovska, Peter Bell, Amy Isard, Johanna D. Moore |
| 2012 | ECCV | Shaping Art with Art: Morphological Analysis for Investigating Artistic Reproductions. | Juan Antonio Monroy Kuhn, Peter Bell, Bjrn Ommer |
| 2012 | Interspeech | Designing a spoken language interface for a tutorial dialogue system. | Peter Bell, Myroslava O. Dzikovska, Amy Isard |
| 2012 | Interspeech | A tutorial dialogue system with unrestricted spoken input. | Peter Bell, Myroslava O. Dzikovska, Amy Isard |
| 2011 | AIED | Adaptive Intelligent Tutorial Dialogue in the BEETLE II System. | Myroslava O. Dzikovska, Amy Isard, Peter Bell, Johanna D. Moore, Natalie B. Steinhauser, Gwendolyn E. Campbell, Leanne S. Taylor, Simon Caine, Charlie Scott |
| 2011 | SIGdial | Beetle II: an adaptable tutorial dialogue system. | Myroslava O. Dzikovska, Amy Isard, Peter Bell, Johanna D. Moore, Natalie B. Steinhauser, Gwendolyn E. Campbell |
| 2010 | ICASSP | Stochastic pronunciation modelling and soft match for out-of-vocabulary spoken term detection. | Dong Wang, Simon King, Joe Frankel, Peter Bell |
| 2009 | ASRU | Diagonal priors for full covariance speech recognition. | Peter Bell, Simon King |
| 2009 | Interspeech | Term-dependent confidence for out-of-vocabulary term detection. | Dong Wang, Simon King, Joe Frankel, Peter Bell |
| 2008 | Interspeech | A shrinkage estimator for speech recognition with full covariance HMMs. | Peter Bell, Simon King |
| 2008 | Interspeech | Covariance updates for discriminative training by constrained line search. | Peter Bell, Simon King |
| 2007 | Interspeech | Sparse Gaussian graphical models for speech recognition. | Peter Bell, Simon King |
| 2007 | OOPSLA | A practical high volume software product line. | Peter Bell |