| 2021 | Explorative data analysis of time series based algorithm features of CMA-ES variants. | Jacob de Nobel, Hao Wang, Thomas Bck |
| 2021 | Policy gradient assisted MAP-Elites. | Olle Nilsson, Antoine Cully |
| 2021 | Generative design of microfluidic channel geometry using evolutionary approach. | Nikolay O. Nikitin, Alexander Hvatov, Iana S. Polonskaia, Anna V. Kalyuzhnaya, Georgii V. Grigorev, Xiaohao Wang, Xiang Qian |
| 2021 | Entropy-based evolutionary diversity optimisation for the traveling salesperson problem. | Adel Nikfarjam, Jakob Bossek, Aneta Neumann, Frank Neumann |
| 2021 | Principled quality diversity for ensemble classifiers using MAP-Elites. | Kyle L. Nickerson, Ting Hu |
| 2021 | Diversifying greedy sampling and evolutionary diversity optimisation for constrained monotone submodular functions. | Aneta Neumann, Jakob Bossek, Frank Neumann |
| 2021 | An effective action covering for multi-label learning classifier systems: a graph-theoretic approach. | Shabnam Nazmi, Abdollah Homaifar, Mohd Anwar |
| 2021 | A new hybrid evolutionary algorithm for dial-a-ride problems. | Sonia Nasri, Hend Bouziri, Wassila Aggoune-Mtalaa |
| 2021 | Ant colony optimization for energy-efficient train operations. | Federico Naldini, Paola Pellegrini, Joaquin Rodriguez |
| 2021 | Convergence analysis of rule-generality on the XCS classifier system. | Yoshiki Nakamura, Motoki Horiuchi, Masaya Nakata |
| 2021 | Surrogate-based optimisation for a hospital simulation scenario using pairwise classifiers. | Pablo S. Naharro, Antonio LaTorre, Jos-Mara Pea |
| 2021 | On the effects of pruning on evolved neural controllers for soft robots. | Giorgia Nadizar, Eric Medvet, Felice Andrea Pellegrino, Marco Zullich, Stefano Nichele |
| 2021 | Multi-objective optimization of item selection in computerized adaptive testing. | Dena F. Mujtaba, Nihar R. Mahapatra |
| 2021 | HCS-BBD: an effective population-based approach for multi-level thresholding. | Seyed Jalaleddin Mousavirad, Gerald Schaefer, Diego Oliva, Salvador Hinojosa |
| 2021 | A population-based automatic clustering algorithm for image segmentation. | Seyed Jalaleddin Mousavirad, Gerald Schaefer, Mahshid Helali Moghadam, Mehrdad Saadatmand, Mahdi Pedram |
| 2021 | Structural damage identification under non-linear EOV effects using genetic programming. | Mohsen Mousavi, Amir H. Gandomi, Magd Abdel Wahab |
| 2021 | EvolMusic: towards musical adversarial examples for black-box attacks on speech-to-text. | Mariele Motta, Tanja Hagemann, Sebastian Fischer, Felix Assion |
| 2021 | Analysing the loss landscape features of generative adversarial networks. | Jarrod Moses, Katherine M. Malan, Anna S. Bosman |
| 2021 | Convergence rate of the (1+1)-evolution strategy with success-based step-size adaptation on convex quadratic functions. | Daiki Morinaga, Kazuto Fukuchi, Jun Sakuma, Youhei Akimoto |
| 2021 | Conduit: a C++ library for best-effort high performance computing. | Matthew Andres Moreno, Santiago Rodriguez Papa, Charles Ofria |
| 2021 | Resource availability and the evolution of cooperation in a 3D agent-based simulation. | Lara Dal Molin, Jasmeen Kanwal, Christopher Stone |
| 2021 | Adaptive scenario subset selection for min-max black-box continuous optimization. | Atsuhiro Miyagi, Kazuto Fukuchi, Jun Sakuma, Youhei Akimoto |
| 2021 | Labeling-oriented non-dominated sorting is Θ( | Sumit Mishra, Ved Prakash, Maxim Buzdalov |
| 2021 | Time complexity analysis of the deductive sort in the best case. | Sumit Mishra, Ved Prakash |
| 2021 | Evaluating medical aesthetics treatments through evolved age-estimation models. | Risto Miikkulainen, Elliot Meyerson, Xin Qiu, Ujjayant Sinha, Raghav Kumar, Karen Hofmann, Yiyang Matt Yan, Michael Ye, Jingyuan Yang, Damon Caiazza, Stephanie Manson Brown |