2-D optical encoding of catheter motion and cyber-physical system for technical skills measurement and quantitative evaluation in endovascular surgery.

Hirokatsu Kodama, Carlos Tercero, Katsutoshi Ooe, Chaoyang Shi, Seiichi Ikeda, Toshio Fukuda, Fumihito Arai, Makoto Negoro, Ikuo Takahashi, Guiryong Kwon

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