| 2026 | HRI | The Valley of Ontological Friction: Motivating, Framing, and Guiding HRI Research on Verisimilitude and Its Implications. | Tom Williams, Alexandra Bejarano |
| 2026 | HRI | Improvisational Participatory Storming: A Toolkit of Improvisational Design Methods for Human-Robot Interaction. | Katie Schneider Assaf, Sawyer Collins, Kevin Rich, James Walker, Nicholle Harris, Tom Williams |
| 2026 | HRI | RECS: LSTM-Based Cognitive Status Estimation for Human-Robot Interaction. | Mark Higger, Zhuoyi Wang, Polina Rygina, Lara Ferreira Bezerra, Logan Daigler, Zane Aloia, Sheena Wu, Ishani Pandey, Amanda Chen, Tom Williams |
| 2026 | HRI | Data Chase: A Robot-Supported Collaborative Museum Experience. | Claire Lewis, Melody Goldanloo, Matthew Murray, Zachary Kaufman, Tom Williams |
| 2025 | AIES | "Stealing Is Wrong... and Too Hard to Pull Off Successfully": Inclusion of Normative Versus Capacity Information in Robot Command Rejection. | Alyssa Hanson, Gordon Briggs, Ruchen Wen, Yifei Zhu, Tom Williams |
| 2025 | HRI | Trauma-Informed Insights from Co-Design of Self-Disclosure Robots with Domestic Abuse Survivors. | Nyomi Carrine Morris, Tom Williams, Ben Jelen |
| 2025 | HRI | Improvising Interaction: Toward Applied Improvisation Driven Social Robotics Theory and Education. | Tom Williams |
| 2025 | ICRA | Robot Planning Under Uncertainty for Object Assembly and Troubleshooting Using Human Causal Models. | Semanti Basu, Semir Tatlidil, Moon Hwan Kim, Tiffany Tran, Serena Saxena, Tom Williams, Steven A. Sloman, R. Iris Bahar |
| 2025 | ICRA | CLSTR: Capability-Level System for Tracking Robots. | Alexandra Bejarano, Claire Bonial, Tom Williams |
| 2025 | IROS | That's Iconic! Designing Augmented Reality Iconic Gestures To Enhance Multi-modal Communication For Morphologically Limited Robots. | Yifei Zhu, Alexander Torres, Zane Aloia, Tom Williams |
| 2025 | ICRA | Evaluating Robotic Performative Autonomy in Collaborative Contexts Impacted by Latency. | Rafael Sousa Silva, Cailyn Smith, Lara Bezerra, Tom Williams |
| 2025 | RO-MAN | Should Delivery Robots Intervene if They Witness Civilian or Police Violence? An Exploratory Investigation. | Tilly Seassau, Wenxi Wu, Tom Williams, Martim Brando |
| 2024 | CogSci | GAIA: A Givenness Hierarchy Theoretic Model of Situated Referring Expression Generation. | Mark Higger, Tom Williams |
| 2024 | CogSci | Uncovering the Rules of Entity-Level Robotic Working Memory. | Rafael Sousa Silva, Tom Williams |
| 2024 | HRI | Understanding Roboticists' Power through Matrix Guided Power Analysis. | Tom Williams |
| 2024 | HRI | Prototyping a User Interface for Multi-Robot Speech Control. | Alexandra Bejarano, Sebastian Negrete-Alamillo, Terran Mott, Tom Williams |
| 2024 | HRI | Challenges in Annotating Gesture-Based Cognitive Status in Human-Robot Collaboration Datasets. | Logan Daigler, Mark Higger, Terran Mott, Tom Williams |
| 2024 | HRI | A Robot Dialogue Authoring Interface with Smart Capabilities. | Saad Elbeleidy, Michelle Lieng, Tom Williams |
| 2024 | HRI | Using Robot Social Agency Theory to Understand Robots' Linguistic Anthropomorphism. | Cloe Z. Emnett, Terran Mott, Tom Williams |
| 2024 | HRI | The Power of Advice: Differential Blame for Human and Robot Advisors and Deciders in a Moral Advising Context. | Alyssa Hanson, Nichole D. Starr, Cloe Emnett, Ruchen Wen, Bertram F. Malle, Tom Williams |
| 2024 | HRI | Generating Relevant Referring Expressions with GAIA: A Givenness Advised Incremental Algorithm. | Mark Higger, Tom Williams |
| 2024 | HRI | (Gestures Vaguely): The Effects of Robots' Use of Abstract Pointing Gestures in Large-Scale Environments. | Annie Huang, Alyson Ranucci, Adam Stogsdill, Grace Clark, Keenan Schott, Mark Higger, Zhao Han, Tom Williams |
| 2024 | HRI | Scarecrows in Oz: Large Language Models in HRI. | Cynthia Matuszek, Nick DePalma, Ross Mead, Tom Williams, Ruchen Wen |
| 2024 | HRI | What a Thing to Say! Which Linguistic Politeness Strategies Should Robots Use in Noncompliance Interactions? | Terran Mott, Aaron Fanganello, Tom Williams |
| 2024 | HRI | Does Performative Autonomy improve Situation Awareness in Highly Demanding Collaborative Tasks? | Sayanti Roy, Tom Williams |
| 2024 | HRI | Handling Working Memory Knowledge Through a Consultant-Level Resource Management Strategy. | Rafael Sousa Silva, Tom Williams |
| 2024 | HRI | Perspectives on Level of Autonomy Decisions in Space Robotics. | Cailyn Smith, Terran Mott, Tom Williams |
| 2024 | HRI | More Than Binary: Transgender and Non-binary Perspectives on Human Robot Interaction. | Michael Stolp-Smith, Tom Williams |
| 2024 | HRI | Robots for Social Justice (R4SJ): Toward a More Equitable Practice of Human-Robot Interaction. | Yifei Zhu, Ruchen Wen, Tom Williams |
| 2024 | RO-MAN | Hardships in the Land of Oz: Robot Control Challenges Faced by HRI Researchers and Real-World Teleoperators. | Alexandra Bejarano, Saad Elbeleidy, Terran Mott, Sebastian Negrete-Alamillo, Luis Angel Armenta, Tom Williams |
| 2024 | RO-MAN | Degrees of Freedom: A Storytelling Game that Supports Technology Literacy about Social Robots. | Terran Mott, Mark Higger, Alexandra Bejarano, Tom Williams |
| 2024 | RO-MAN | Understanding Barriers to Entry and Invisible Labor for Educational Care Wizards. | Shane Romero, Saad Elbeleidy, Tom Williams |
| 2024 | RO-MAN | Robot, Take the Joystick: Understanding Space Robotics Experts' Views on Autonomy. | Cailyn Smith, Terran Mott, Tom Williams |
| 2024 | RO-MAN | Designing Augmented Reality Robot Guidance Interactions through the Metaphors of Re-embodiment and Telepresence. | Yifei Zhu, Colin Brush, Tom Williams |
| 2023 | AIES | No Justice, No Robots: From the Dispositions of Policing to an Abolitionist Robotics. | Tom Williams, Kerstin Sophie Haring |
| 2023 | CogSci | Evaluating Cognitive Status-Informed Referring Form Selection for Human-Robot Interactions. | Zhao Han, Tom Williams |
| 2023 | CogSci | What was and what will be: What gestures are used in open-world task-based referential communication? | Mark Higger, Zhao Han, Tom Williams |
| 2023 | CogSci | Forget About It: Entity-Level Working Memory Models for Referring Expression Generation in Robot Cognitive Architectures. | Rafael Sousa Silva, Michelle Lieng, Tom Williams |
| 2023 | HCI | Now Look Here! Đownarrow Mixed Reality Improves Robot Communication Without Cognitive Overload. | Nhan Tran, Trevor Grant, Thao Phung, Leanne M. Hirshfield, Christopher D. Wickens, Tom Williams |
| 2023 | HRI | The Eye of the Robot Beholder: Ethical Risks of Representation, Recognition, and Reasoning over Identity Characteristics in Human-Robot Interaction. | Tom Williams |
| 2023 | HRI | Crossing Reality: Comparing Physical and Virtual Robot Deixis. | Zhao Han, Yifei Zhu, Albert Phan, Fernando Sandoval Garza, Amia Castro, Tom Williams |
| 2023 | HRI | Perspectives on Moral Agency in Human-Robot Interaction. | Boyoung Kim, Elizabeth Phillips, Tom Williams, Qin Zhu |
| 2023 | HRI | Rube-Goldberg Machines, Transparent Technology, and the Morally Competent Robot. | Terran Mott, Tom Williams |
| 2023 | HRI | I Need Your Help... or Do I?: Maintaining Situation Awareness through Performative Autonomy. | Sayanti Roy, Trey Smith, Brian Coltin, Tom Williams |
| 2023 | HRI | Enabling Human-like Language-Capable Robots Through Working Memory Modeling. | Rafael Sousa Silva, Tom Williams |
| 2023 | HRI | Fresh Start: Encouraging Politeness in Wakeword-Driven Human-Robot Interaction. | Ruchen Wen, Alyssa Hanson, Zhao Han, Tom Williams |
| 2023 | INLG | Exploring the Naturalness of Cognitive Status-Informed Referring Form Selection Models. | Gabriel Del Castillo, Grace Clark, Zhao Han, Tom Williams |
| 2023 | Persuasive | On Further Reflection... Moral Reflections Enhance Robotic Moral Persuasive Capability. | Ruchen Wen, Boyoung Kim, Elizabeth Phillips, Qin Zhu, Tom Williams |
| 2023 | RO-MAN | No Name, No Voice, Less Trust: Robot Group Identity Performance, Entitativity, and Trust Distribution. | Alexandra Bejarano, Tom Williams |
| 2023 | RO-MAN | The Invisible Labor of Authoring Dialogue for Teleoperated Socially Assistive Robots. | Saad Elbeleidy, Elizabeth Reddy, Tom Williams |
| 2023 | RO-MAN | Victims and Observers: How Gender, Victimization Experience, and Biases Shape Perceptions of Robot Abuse. | Hideki Garcia Goo, Katie Winkle, Tom Williams, Megan K. Strait |
| 2023 | RO-MAN | The impact of different ethical frameworks underlying a robot's advice on charitable donations. | Boyoung Kim, Ruchen Wen, Qin Zhu, Tom Williams, Elizabeth Phillips |
| 2023 | RO-MAN | Failure Explanation in Privacy-Sensitive Contexts: An Integrated Systems Approach. | Sihui Li, Sriram Siva, Terran Mott, Tom Williams, Hao Zhang, Neil Dantam |
| 2023 | RO-MAN | How Can Dog Handlers Help Us Understand the Future of Wilderness Search & Rescue Robots? | Terran Mott, Tom Williams |
| 2023 | RO-MAN | Confrontation and Cultivation: Understanding Perspectives on Robot Responses to Norm Violations. | Terran Mott, Tom Williams |
| 2023 | RO-MAN | Worth the Wait: Understanding How the Benefits of Performative Autonomy Depend on Communication Latency. | Rafael Sousa Silva, Michelle Lieng, Emil Muly, Tom Williams |
| 2022 | CogSci | IPOWER: Incremental, Probabilistic, Open-World Reference Resolution. | Will Culpepper, Thomas A. Bennett, Lixiao Zhu, Rafael Sousa Silva, Ryan Blake Jackson, Tom Williams |
| 2022 | CogSci | Leveraging Intentional Factors and Task Context to Predict Linguistic Norm Adherence. | Cailyn Smith, Charlotte Gorgemans, Ruchen Wen, Saad Elbeleidy, Sayanti Roy, Tom Williams |
| 2022 | HRI | Understanding and Influencing User Mental Models of Robot Identity. | Alexandra Bejarano, Tom Williams |
| 2022 | HRI | You Had Me at Hello: The Impact of Robot Group Presentation Strategies on Mental Model Formation. | Alexandra Bejarano, Samantha Reig, Priyanka Senapati, Tom Williams |
| 2022 | HRI | Robot Teleoperation Interfaces for Customized Therapy for Autistic Children. | Saad Elbeleidy, Aryaman Jadhav, Dan Liu, Tom Williams |
| 2022 | HRI | Practical, Ethical, and Overlooked: Teleoperated Socially Assistive Robots in the Quest for Autonomy. | Saad Elbeleidy, Terran Mott, Tom Williams |
| 2022 | HRI | A Task Design for Studying Referring Behaviors for Linguistic HRI. | Zhao Han, Tom Williams |
| 2022 | HRI | Projecting Robot Navigation Paths: Hardware and Software for Projected AR. | Zhao Han, Jenna Parrillo, Alexander Wilkinson, Holly A. Yanco, Tom Williams |
| 2022 | HRI | Community-Situated Mixed-Methods Robotics Research for Children and Childhood Spaces. | Terran Mott, Tom Williams |
| 2022 | HRI | Robot Co-design Can Help Us Engage Child Stakeholders in Ethical Reflection. | Terran Mott, Alexandra Bejarano, Tom Williams |
| 2022 | HRI | Teacher, Teammate, Subordinate, Friend: Generating Norm Violation Responses Grounded in Role-based Relational Norms. | Ruchen Wen, Zhao Han, Tom Williams |
| 2022 | HRI | Norm-Breaking Responses to Sexist Abuse: A Cross-Cultural Human Robot Interaction Study. | Katie Winkle, Ryan Blake Jackson, Gaspar Isaac Melsin, Drazen Brscic, Iolanda Leite, Tom Williams |
| 2022 | ICMI | Unpretty Please: Ostensibly Polite Wakewords Discourage Politeness in both Robot-Directed and Human-Directed Communication. | Ruchen Wen, Brandon Barton, Sebastian Faur, Tom Williams |
| 2022 | IROS | Givenness Hierarchy Informed Optimal Document Planning for Situated Human-Robot Interaction. | Kevin Spevak, Zhao Han, Tom Williams, Neil T. Dantam |
| 2022 | RO-MAN | Practical Considerations for Deploying Robot Teleoperation in Therapy and Telehealth. | Saad Elbeleidy, Terran Mott, Dan Liu, Tom Williams |
| 2021 | AAAI | Model AI Assignments 2021. | Todd W. Neller, Nathan Sprague, John Maraist, Lisa Zhang, Pouria Fewzee, Duri Long, Jonathan Moon, Brian Magerko, Alex Leto, Toni Lefton, Tom Williams |
| 2021 | CogSci | Givenness Hierarchy Theoretic Referential Choice in Situated Contexts. | Poulomi Pal, Grace Clark, Tom Williams |
| 2021 | HRI | Implicit Communication Through Social Distancing: Can Social Navigation Communicate Social Norms? | Santosh Balajee Banisetty, Tom Williams |
| 2021 | HRI | Teleoperation Interface Usage in Robot-Assisted Childhood ASD Therapy. | Saad Elbeleidy, Aubrey Shick, Tom Williams |
| 2021 | HRI | What's The Point?: Tradeoffs Between Effectiveness and Social Perception When Using Mixed Reality to Enhance Gesturally Limited Robots. | Jared Hamilton, Thao Phung, Nhan Tran, Tom Williams |
| 2021 | HRI | Robots as Moral Advisors: The Effects of Deontological, Virtue, and Confucian Role Ethics on Encouraging Honest Behavior. | Boyoung Kim, Ruchen Wen, Qin Zhu, Tom Williams, Elizabeth Phillips |
| 2021 | HRI | Can Robots Be Used to Encourage Social Distancing? | Chloe McCaffrey, Alexander Taylor, Sayanti Roy, Santosh Balajee Banisetty, Ross Mead, Tom Williams |
| 2021 | HRI | Is it Pointless? Modeling and Evaluation of Category Transitions of Spatial Gestures. | Adam Stogsdill, Grace Clark, Aly Ranucci, Thao Phung, Tom Williams |
| 2021 | HRI | Get This!? Mixed Reality Improves Robot Communication Regardless of Mental Workload. | Nhan Tran, Trevor Grant, Thao Phung, Leanne M. Hirshfield, Christopher D. Wickens, Tom Williams |
| 2021 | HRI | Comparing Strategies for Robot Communication of Role-Grounded Moral Norms. | Ruchen Wen, Boyoung Kim, Elizabeth Phillips, Qin Zhu, Tom Williams |
| 2021 | HRI | Deconstructed Trustee Theory: Disentangling Trust in Body and Identity in Multi-Robot Distributed Systems. | Tom Williams, Daniel Ayers, Camille Kaufman, Jon Serrano, Sayanti Roy |
| 2021 | IROS | An Integrated Approach to Context-Sensitive Moral Cognition in Robot Cognitive Architectures. | Ryan Blake Jackson, Sihui Li, Santosh Balajee Banisetty, Sriram Siva, Hao Zhang, Neil Dantam, Tom Williams |
| 2020 | AAAI | Dempster-Shafer Theoretic Learning of Indirect Speech Act Comprehension Norms. | Ruchen Wen, Mohammed Aun Siddiqui, Tom Williams |
| 2020 | CogSci | "We Need to Start Thinking Ahead": The Impact of Social Context on Linguistic Norm Adherence. | Jane Lockshin, Tom Williams |
| 2020 | CogSci | Givenness Hierarchy Theoretic Cognitive Status Filtering. | Poulomi Pal, Akshay Swaminathan, Lixiao Zhu, Andrea Golden-Lasher, Tom Williams |
| 2020 | HCI | Using Augmented Reality to Better Study Human-Robot Interaction. | Tom Williams, Leanne M. Hirshfield, Nhan Tran, Trevor Grant, Nicholas Woodward |
| 2020 | HCI | The Influence of Social Embarrassment on Engagement with Publicly Displayed Digital Content. | Alexandra Pollock, Ethan Perry, Tom Williams |
| 2020 | HRI | Virtual, Augmented, and Mixed Reality for Human-Robot Interaction (VAM-HRI). | Tom Williams, Daniel Szafir, Tathagata Chakraborti, Soh-Khim Ong, Eric Rosen, Serena Booth, Thomas R. Groechel |
| 2020 | HRI | The Confucian Matador: Three Defenses Against the Mechanical Bull. | Tom Williams, Qin Zhu, Ruchen Wen, Ewart J. de Visser |
| 2020 | HRI | Exploring the Role of Gender in Perceptions of Robotic Noncompliance. | Ryan Blake Jackson, Tom Williams, Nicole Smith |
| 2019 | AIES | Tact in Noncompliance: The Need for Pragmatically Apt Responses to Unethical Commands. | Ryan Blake Jackson, Ruchen Wen, Tom Williams |
| 2019 | HCI | Investigating the Potential Effectiveness of Allocentric Mixed Reality Deictic Gesture. | Tom Williams, Matthew Bussing, Sebastian Cabrol, Ian Lau, Elizabeth Boyle, Nhan Tran |
| 2019 | HRI | Mixed Reality Deictic Gesture for Multi-Modal Robot Communication. | Tom Williams, Matthew Bussing, Sebastian Cabrol, Elizabeth Boyle, Nhan Tran |
| 2019 | HRI | The Reality-Virtuality Interaction Cube: A Framework for Conceptualizing Mixed-Reality Interaction Design Elements for HRI. | Tom Williams, Daniel Szafir, Tathagata Chakraborti |
| 2019 | HRI | Virtual, Augmented, and Mixed Reality for Human-Robot Interaction (VAM-HRI). | Tom Williams, Daniel Szafir, Tathagata Chakraborti, Elizabeth Phillips |
| 2019 | HRI | The Dark Side of Human-Robot Interaction: Ethical Considerations and Community Guidelines for the Field of HRI. | Kerstin Sophie Haring, Michael Misha Novitzky, Paul Robinette, Ewart J. de Visser, Alan R. Wagner, Tom Williams |
| 2019 | HRI | Language-Capable Robots may Inadvertently Weaken Human Moral Norms. | Ryan Blake Jackson, Tom Williams |
| 2018 | CogSci | A Bayesian Analysis of Moral Norm Malleability during Clarification Dialogues. | Tom Williams, Ryan Blake Jackson, Jane Lockshin |
| 2018 | HCI | Augmented, Mixed, and Virtual Reality Enabling of Robot Deixis. | Tom Williams, Nhan Tran, Josh Rands, Neil T. Dantam |
| 2018 | HRI | Toward Ethical Natural Language Generation for Human-Robot Interaction. | Tom Williams |
| 2018 | HRI | Virtual, Augmented, and Mixed Reality for Human-Robot Interaction. | Tom Williams, Daniel Szafir, Tathagata Chakraborti, Heni Ben Amor |
| 2018 | HRI | "Thank You for Sharing that Interesting Fact!": Effects of Capability and Context on Indirect Speech Act Use in Task-Based Human-Robot Dialogue. | Tom Williams, Daria Thames, Julia Novakoff, Matthias Scheutz |
| 2018 | ICMI | Workload-driven modulation of mixed-reality robot-human communication. | Leanne M. Hirshfield, Tom Williams, Natalie Sommer, Trevor Grant, Senem Velipasalar Gursoy |
| 2017 | INLG | Referring Expression Generation under Uncertainty: Algorithm and Evaluation Framework. | Tom Williams, Matthias Scheutz |
| 2017 | IROS | Differences in interaction patterns and perception for teleoperated and autonomous humanoid robots. | Maxwell Bennett, Tom Williams, Daria Thames, Matthias Scheutz |
| 2016 | AAAI | Architectural Mechanisms for Situated Natural Language Understanding in Uncertain and Open Worlds. | Tom Williams |
| 2016 | AAAI | A Framework for Resolving Open-World Referential Expressions in Distributed Heterogeneous Knowledge Bases. | Tom Williams, Matthias Scheutz |
| 2016 | HRI | Situated Open World Reference Resolution for Human-Robot Dialogue. | Tom Williams, Saurav Acharya, Stephanie Schreitter, Matthias Scheutz |
| 2015 | AAAI | Going Beyond Literal Command-Based Instructions: Extending Robotic Natural Language Interaction Capabilities. | Tom Williams, Gordon Briggs, Bradley Oosterveld, Matthias Scheutz |
| 2015 | CogSci | A Domain-Independent Model of Open-World Reference Resolution. | Tom Williams, Matthias Scheutz |
| 2015 | HRI | Toward More Natural Human-Robot Dialogue. | Tom Williams |
| 2015 | IROS | POWER: A domain-independent algorithm for Probabilistic, Open-World Entity Resolution. | Tom Williams, Matthias Scheutz |
| 2014 | RO-MAN | Is robot telepathy acceptable? Investigating effects of nonverbal robot-robot communication on human-robot interaction. | Tom Williams, Priscilla Briggs, Nathaniel Pelz, Matthias Scheutz |
| 2011 | CHI | This is your brain on interfaces: enhancing usability testing with functional near-infrared spectroscopy. | Leanne M. Hirshfield, Rebecca Gulotta, Stuart H. Hirshfield, Samuel W. Hincks, Matthew Russell, Rachel A. Ward, Tom Williams, Robert J. K. Jacob |
| 2011 | HCI | Trust in Human-Computer Interactions as Measured by Frustration, Surprise, and Workload. | Leanne M. Hirshfield, Stuart H. Hirshfield, Samuel W. Hincks, Matthew Russell, Rachel A. Ward, Tom Williams |
| 2011 | SIGGRAPH | Surround Haptics: sending shivers down your spine. | Ali Israr, Ivan Poupyrev, Chris Ioffreda, Jim Cox, Nathan Gouveia, Huw Bowles, Anastasios Brakis, Baylor Knight, Kenny Mitchell, Tom Williams |
| 1995 | CHI | Dinosaur Input Device. | Brian Knep, Craig Hayes, Rick Sayre, Tom Williams |