| 2021 | Incorporating Item Response Theory into Knowledge Tracing. | Geoffrey A. Converse, Shi Pu, Suely Oliveira |
| 2021 | Designing Intelligent Systems to Support Medical Diagnostic Reasoning Using Process Data. | Elizabeth B. Cloude, Nikki Anne M. Ballelos, Roger Azevedo, Analia Castiglioni, Jeffrey LaRochelle, Anya Andrews, Caridad Hernandez |
| 2021 | An Educational System for Personalized Teacher Recommendation in K-12 Online Classrooms. | Jiahao Chen, Hang Li, Wenbiao Ding, Zitao Liu |
| 2021 | Integrating Textbooks with Smart Interactive Content for Learning Programming. | Isaac Alpizar Chacon, Jordan Barria-Pineda, Kamil Akhuseyinoglu, Sergey A. Sosnovsky, Peter Brusilovsky |
| 2021 | Better Model, Worse Predictions: The Dangers in Student Model Comparisons. | Jaroslav Cechk, Radek Pelnek |
| 2021 | Transforming Textbooks into Learning by Doing Environments: An Evaluation of Textbook-Based Automatic Question Generation. | Rachel Van Campenhout, Jeffrey S. Dittel, Bill Jerome, Benny G. Johnson |
| 2021 | DiSCS: A New Sequence Segmentation Method for Open-Ended Learning Environments. | James P. Bywater, Mark Floryan, Jennifer L. Chiu |
| 2021 | Multilingual Age of Exposure. | Robert-Mihai Botarleanu, Mihai Dascalu, Micah Watanabe, Danielle S. McNamara, Scott Andrew Crossley |
| 2021 | Early Prediction of Children's Disengagement in a Tablet Tutor Using Visual Features. | Bikram Boote, Mansi Agarwal, Jack Mostow |
| 2021 | Kwame: A Bilingual AI Teaching Assistant for Online SuaCode Courses. | George Boateng |
| 2021 | Data Augmentation for Enlarging Student Feature Space and Improving Random Forest Success Prediction. | Timothy H. Bell, Christel Dartigues-Pallez, Florent Jaillet, Christophe Genolini |
| 2021 | Learning Analytics and Fairness: Do Existing Algorithms Serve Everyone Equally? | Vaclav Bayer, Martin Hlosta, Miriam Fernndez |
| 2021 | Protecting Student Privacy with Synthetic Data from Generative Adversarial Networks. | Peter Bautista, Paul Salvador Inventado |
| 2021 | Explainable Recommendations in a Personalized Programming Practice System. | Jordan Barria-Pineda, Kamil Akhuseyinoglu, Stefan Zelem-Celap, Peter Brusilovsky, Aleksandra Klasnja-Milicevic, Mirjana Ivanovic |
| 2021 | Affect-Targeted Interviews for Understanding Student Frustration. | Ryan S. Baker, Nidhi Nasiar, Jaclyn L. Ocumpaugh, Stephen Hutt, Juliana Ma. Alexandra L. Andres, Stefan Slater, Matthew Schofield, Allison L. Moore, Luc Paquette, Anabil Munshi, Gautam Biswas |
| 2021 | Towards Sharing Student Models Across Learning Systems. | Ryan S. Baker, Bruce M. McLaren, Stephen Hutt, J. Elizabeth Richey, Elizabeth Rowe, Ma. Victoria Almeda, Michael Mogessie Ashenafi, Juliana Ma. Alexandra L. Andres |
| 2021 | Tackling the Credit Assignment Problem in Reinforcement Learning-Induced Pedagogical Policies with Neural Networks. | Markel Sanz Ausin, Mehak Maniktala, Tiffany Barnes, Min Chi |
| 2021 | Integration of Automated Essay Scoring Models Using Item Response Theory. | Itsuki Aomi, Emiko Tsutsumi, Masaki Uto, Maomi Ueno |
| 2021 | Annotating Student Engagement Across Grades 1-12: Associations with Demographics and Expressivity. | Nese Alyz, Sinem Aslan, Sidney K. D'Mello, Lama Nachman, Asli Arslan Esme |
| 2021 | A Systematic Review of Data-Driven Approaches to Item Difficulty Prediction. | Samah AlKhuzaey, Floriana Grasso, Terry R. Payne, Valentina Tamma |
| 2021 | Agent-Based Classroom Environment Simulation: The Effect of Disruptive Schoolchildren's Behaviour Versus Teacher Control over Neighbours. | Khulood Alharbi, Alexandra I. Cristea, Lei Shi, Peter Tymms, Chris Brown |
| 2021 | Interactive Personas: Towards the Dynamic Assessment of Student Motivation within ITS. | Ishrat Ahmed, Adam Clark, Stefania Metzger, Ruth Wylie, Yoav Bergner, Erin Walker |
| 2021 | Generation of Automatic Data-Driven Feedback to Students Using Explainable Machine Learning. | Muhammad Afzaal, Jalal Nouri, Aayesha Zia, Panagiotis Papapetrou, Uno Fors, Yongchao Wu, Xiu Li, Rebecka Weegar |
| 2021 | Seven-Year Longitudinal Implications of Wheel Spinning and Productive Persistence. | Seth Akonor Adjei, Ryan S. Baker, Vedant Bahel |
| 2021 | Quantitative Analysis to Further Validate WC-GCMS, a Computational Metric of Collaboration in Online Textual Discourse. | Adetunji Adeniran, Judith Masthoff |